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KMID : 1009020170150040369
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Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
2017 Volume.15 No. 4 p.369 ~ p.381
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Neurodevelopmental Changes in Social Reinforcement Processing: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
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Hwang Soon-Jo
Meffert Harma
VanTieghem Michelle R.
White Stuart F.
Sinclair Stephen
Bookheimer Susan Y.
Blair James
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Abstract
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Objective: In the current study we investigated neurodevelopmental changes in response to social and non-social reinforcement.
Methods: Fifty-three healthy participants including 16 early adolescents (age, 10?15 years), 16 late adolescents (age, 15?18 years), and 21 young adults (age, 21?25 years) completed a social/non-social reward learning task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants responded to fractal image stimuli and received social or non-social reward/non-rewards according to their accuracy. ANOVAs were conducted on both the blood oxygen level dependent response data and the product of a context-dependent psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) analysis involving ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and bilateral insula cortices as seed regions.
Results; Early adolescents showed significantly increased activation in the amygdala and anterior insula cortex in response to non-social monetary rewards relative to both social reward/non-reward and monetary non-rewards compared to late adolescents and young adults. In addition, early adolescents showed significantly more positive connectivity between the vmPFC/bilateral insula cortices seeds and other regions implicated in reinforcement processing (the amygdala, posterior cingulate cortex, insula cortex, and lentiform nucleus) in response to non-reward and especially social non-reward, compared to late adolescents and young adults.
Conclusion: It appears that early adolescence may be marked by: (i) a selective increase in responsiveness to non-social, relative to social, rewards; and (ii) enhanced, integrated functioning of reinforcement circuitry for non-reward, and in particular, with respect to posterior cingulate and insula cortices, for social non-reward.
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KEYWORD
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Social reward, Ventromedial prefrontal cortex, Amygdala, Anterior insula, Context-dependent psychophysiological interaction
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